In the western part of Iceland, about 50 km north of the capital Reykjavik, lies the Hvalfjörður fjord. This impressive body of water stretches 30 km in length and reaches a width of 5 km. A distinctive feature of Hvalfjörður’s landscape are two valleys – Botnsdalur and Brynjudalur, separated by the Múlafjall mountain massif. Both valleys are renowned for their waterfalls, adding charm to the area.
The name Hvalfjörður, translated as “Whale Fjord,” has its roots in the rich history of the region. This designation refers to the once numerous whales in these waters, which were a significant part of the local economy for many years. The fjord gained fame not only due to the presence of these marine giants but also because of the largest whaling station in Iceland, which operated here until the late 1980s.
Hvalfjörður Tunnel
Before July 11, 1998, travelers on road no. 1 heading west or north of Iceland, for example from Reykjavik to Borgarnes, had to traverse the entire length of the Hvalfjörður fjord.
Today, thanks to the 5.77 km long Hvalfjörður tunnel (in Icelandic: Hvalfjarðargöng), it is possible to cross the fjord directly. This investment shortened the route by approximately 45-50 km, significantly reducing travel time from over an hour to just 7 minutes.
Although the tunnel brought great benefits in terms of transport efficiency, its opening meant that travelers bypass an extremely picturesque section of the route. This part of Iceland is characterized by lush, colorful vegetation and small forests, which are the result of national reforestation projects. Traveling through the tunnel, although much faster, deprives tourists of the opportunity to admire this charming part of the country.
Hvalfjörður Tunnel Payment
Currently, passage through the 5.77 km long Hvalfjörður tunnel is free. Thanks to higher-than-expected traffic volumes, the construction costs of the tunnel were paid off before the planned 20-year term, allowing for the abolition of tolls from September 28, 2018. Previously, the tunnel was toll-based, but after the costs were covered, it was transferred from the private operator Spölur to the Icelandic Road Administration (Vegagerðin), enabling all vehicles to use it for free.
Glymur Waterfall in Hvalfjörður, Iceland
Deep within the Hvalfjörður fjord lies the impressive Glymur waterfall, measuring 198 meters in height. This majestic natural wonder, once considered the highest in Iceland, is now the second tallest, surpassed by Morsárfoss, discovered in 2011. For comparison, Glymur is six times higher than the famous Gullfoss.
Reaching Glymur is quite a challenge for tourists. The route requires crossing a river on a narrow, hanging bridge, making it unsuitable for the youngest visitors. The hike from the parking lot on the eastern side of the river takes about three hours.
An alternative path on the western side is shorter and less demanding but does not offer equally spectacular views of the waterfall. Regardless of the chosen route, the trip to Glymur requires caution and good preparation.
Historical Importance of Hvalfjörður
During World War II, the Hvalfjörður fjord was an important naval base, with British and American troops establishing significant installations in the area. Some remnants of military structures can still be seen today, offering a glimpse into the strategic importance of the fjord during the war. Additionally, Hvalfjörður is home to Iceland’s only operating whaling station, run by Hvalur ehf. The combination of historical and industrial significance makes Hvalfjörður a unique destination for those interested in both natural beauty and historical sites.
Getting there
- Hvalfjörður is situated in western Iceland, approximately 50 km north of Reykjavik, the capital city.
- Hvalfjörður Tunnel: In 1998, a 5.77 km underwater tunnel was opened, significantly reducing travel time.
- Scenic route option: Tourists can still choose to drive along the fjord instead of using the tunnel, which adds about an hour to the journey but offers beautiful views
Hiking details
- Hiking duration: The round trip hike typically takes about 3-4 hours.
- Trail difficulty: The hike is considered moderately difficult, with some steep sections
- Location: Glymur is located deep within Hvalfjörður fjord.
Tips
- Use the Hvalfjörður tunnel for a quick 7-minute journey across the fjord.
- Take the scenic Route 47 around the fjord for a more picturesque drive, adding about an hour to your trip.
- Hike to Glymur waterfall, Iceland’s second-highest waterfall
- Explore the War and Peace Museum for historical insights.
